Fig. 1

BAGEL overview. a Simulated growth curves of wildtype cells (blue), which double at every time increment. When genetic perturbations are induced (T = 3), moderate (purple) to severe (magenta) fitness defects, growth arrest (red), and cell death (black) result in different relative growth rates. At sampled timepoints, fold change relative to wildtype growth is the readout from a sequencing assay. b Representative data from one replicate. The fold change distribution of all gRNA targeting essential genes (red) is shifted relative to the fold change distribution of all gRNA targeting nonessential genes (blue). The fold change distribution for all gRNA (black) is shown for reference. c The log likelihood functions of the red and blue curves from (b), left Y axis. The BAGEL method calculates the log likelihood ratio (black, right Y axis) of these two curves, within empirical boundaries (green dashes), for each bootstrap iteration; see Methods for details