Figure 3

Median risk measures of 'risk' and 'protective' associations during the past 25 years. (A) The median strengths of risk associations remain quite stable around 2.5 (0.4 when log-transformed) in spite of the exponential increase of published association data during the past 25 years. (B) The median strengths of protective associations also remain stable around 0.6 (-0.2 when log-transformed).