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Table 1 Inter-module degrees (d), number of nodes (N), and main functions of the topological modules for H. sapiens network

From: Modular co-evolution of metabolic networks

Module

d

N

Function category and Main Function

6

1

38

Metabolism of essential human nutrients: Arachidonic acid metabolism

24

1

41

Metabolism of essential human nutrients: Phenylalanine, Tyrosine metabolism

17

3

19

Metabolism of essential human nutrients: Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation, Propanoate metabolism

12

4

20

Metabolism of essential human nutrients: One carbon pool by folate

21

7

21

Metabolism of essential human nutrients: Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism

19

1

34

Hormonal compound biosynthesis and metabolism: Androgen and estrogen metabolism

25

1

34

Hormonal compound biosynthesis and metabolism: C21-Steroid hormone metabolism

22

2

20

Hormonal compound biosynthesis and metabolism: Biosynthesis of steroids

20

5

28

Hormonal compound biosynthesis and metabolism: Fatty acid biosynthesis

7

2

26

Glycan biosynthesis and metabolism: Blood group glycolipid biosynthesis – neo-lactoseries

16

2

43

Glycan biosynthesis and metabolism: N-Glycan biosynthesis; Fructose and mannose metabolism

3

4

30

Glycan biosynthesis and metabolism: Blood group glycolipid biosynthesis – neo-lactoseries; Ganglioside biosynthesis

1

5

23

Glycan biosynthesis and metabolism: Glycosphingolipid metabolism

5

5

26

Glycan biosynthesis and metabolism: Aminosugars metabolism

14

1

17

Metabolism of cofactor: Hemoglobin and urobilinogen biosynthesis

4

8

41

*

15

11

24

*

2

13

47

*

23

14

56

*

9

17

42

*

18

17

46

*

10

21

58

*

8

22

66

*

13

25

57

*

11

30

91

*

  1. * represents that the corresponding module includes several pathways thus is difficult to assign it a simplex function.